232 Index Abstracts, 7.3, 8.3.2, 9.4.5 Accents, Appendix 4 Access points, 2.4, 5.2.1, 9.4.1 Acronym keys, see Keys, acronym Acronyms (in indexes), 5.3.2 Adaptive interface, 7.4.1, 9.4.4 Aims of project, 1.1, 1.4, 9.1 Analytical entries (records with), 4.3.3, 9.4.5 AND, 2.4.2, 2.4.4, 6.4-6, 7.4.2, 7.4.3, 7.5.2, 8.5, Appendix 8 Apple He, 3.3.1, 7.5.1 Aristotle, 5.7.5 Articles, definite and indefinite, 4.5.1, 5.4, 5.5.1, 7.3.2, 7.4.3, Appendix 4 periodical, see Periodicals Artificial intelligence, 9.4.4, 9.5 Author input, 7.5.1, Fig. 7.12 mistakes, 8.4.3, Appendix 7 Author-only search, 7.5.2, Figs. 7.16-18, Appendices 7-8 Author/title, derived key, 2.6.1, 5.2, 5.2.3, 7.3.2, 7.4.3, 7.5.2 input, 7.5.1, Fig. 7.8 mistakes, Appendix 7 search, 7.5.2, Fig. 7.21 Authority files, 5.4.1, 5.5, 5.5.2 Automatic, analysis of logs, 8.2.1, 8.5, 9.4.6, Appendices 8-9 browsing, 7.3.1 display, Table 7.3 features of Okapi, 7.4.3 help, 2.6.1 indexing, 5.4 logging, see Logs spelling correction, 9.4.2 Backup, 3.4 Beasts, 5.2.3, 5.6.5, 5.7.3, 5.7.5 Index 233 use of, 6.3, 6.8, 7.4.3 Bibliographic file(s) for, Okapi, Chapter 4 OPACs, 2.2.1, 9.4.5 Bibliography, 2.1.2 Bibliotech OPAC, Fig. 7.2 Binary search, 5.6.3, 5.7.4 BLACK key, 7.5.1, 8.2.1, 8.3.2, 8.4.3, Appendix 7 BLAISE/LOCAS, 4.1 Blanks (treatment of), 5.3.3 BOOKS project, 9.4.1, 9.4.5 Booleans, 2.5.2, 6.4, 6.6, 6.9, 7.3.2, 7.4.1 see also AND, Hyper-OR, NOT, OR, implicit, 7.4.3 Brief record display (Okapi), 7.5.3, Fig. 7.26 Browsing, 7.3.1 automatic, 7.3.1 bookshelf equivalent, 9.4.1 index order and, 5.3.1 index structure, effect of, 5.6.2, 5.6.3 IR indexes, 5.5.1 keyword OPACs, 7.3.1 minimising, 9.4.2, 9.4.5 Okapi, 7.5.3 phrase indexed OPACs for specific items, 2.4.1, 2.5.1, 7.3.1, 9.4.2 ranked records, 7.4.3 sets, 2.4.2 subjects, 5.3.1, 5.4.4, 9.4.1, 9.4.5 VDU limitations, effect of, 2.6.3, 9.2, 9.4.3 Cambridge University OPAC, 2.1.1, 4.3.2, 5.1, 5.4.1, 5.6.1 Cat analogy, 3.1 Catalogue, drawer analogy, 5.7.4 practice US v. UK, see US research, 2.1.2 search, types of, 2.5 Catalogues (conventional), 2.1.2, 2.3, 2.5, 2.6.2, 9.2, Appendix 5 Cataloguing (automation of), 9.3 CCR, 1.3, 2.6.3, 4.3.2, 9.4.5 Centre for catalogue research, see CCR 234 Index Characters), coding (and filing order in indexes), 5.3.3 collation sequence, 5.3.3, 5.3.4, 9.4.3 non-alphanumeric, 5.3.3 representation, 5.3.3, 9.4.3 set, 5.3.3, 5.6.4 special, Appendix 4 Circulation, control on a LAN, 3.4, 9.3 data in OPACs, 2.3, 2.6.3 systems, OPACs derived from, 2.1.1, 2.3, 2.4.1, 5.2, 9.4.5 CITE (NLM's OPAC), 2.1.1, 2.4.3, 2.4.4, 7.3, 9.4.1, 9.4.4, 9.4.6 Classification (use of, to improve searching), 9.4.1 Closure, 7.4.1 CLR study, 2.1.2, 2.6.1, 7.2, 8.1.1, 9.4.5, 9.4.6 CLSI/PAC 1, 7.3.2 Cluster/One, 3.3.1, 3.3.2 purchase, 1.3 Clustering, 9.4.1 Coloured keys, 7.5.1, 8.3.2, 8.4.3, Appendix 5 Combinatorial search, see Hyper-OR Command language, 2.4.2, 3.2.2, 6.9, 7.3.2, 7.4.1, 7.4.2, 9.4.5 examples of, 7.3.2 Comments about Okapi, see Okapi, comments Computational aspects, of implementing search functions, 6.6 of indexing, 5.6-7 Conclusions, Chapter 9 Conditional searching, 6.3 Controlled experiments, 8.2.2 Corporate and conference names, 6.8, Appendices 1-4 in indexes, 5.4.2, Table 5.2 Cost (of hardware), 3.3.1 Cross references, 4.3.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.5.2 Cross-tabulation, 8.3.2, Appendix 6 (Part 4) Cut-ofT rule (for hyper-OR), 6.5, 6.6 Dartmouth College OPAC, 7.2, 7.4.1, 7.4.2 Data, compression, 5.6.4, 5.7.4 input, see User(s), input representation in indexes, 5.6.4 Index security, 3.4 types in indexes, 5.2.2, Table 5.2 D B M S , 1.3 Decision trees, see Search trees Derived keys, see Keys, derived Design, of L A N application software, 3.5 of Okapi, 2.7.2, 5.7, 7.4 of OPACs, 2.7, 9.2, 9.4, 9.5 of user interaction, Chapter 7 pitfalls, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.4 Dewey, in indexes, 5.2.3, 5.3.4 in Okapi file, Appendices 2-3 online, 9.4.1 truncation of, 5.2.3 Diacritics, 5.3.3, Appendix 4 Disc access(es), browsing load on, 9.4.3 effect of index structure on, 5.6.1-3, 5.6.5 importance of design of, 3.5 need to minimise, 2.7.2, 3.5 Okapi index and, 5.7 performance of project L A N s , 3.3.2 Disc digression, 5.7.2 Display, Chapter 7, 2.6.3, brief record (Okapi), 7.5.3, Fig. 7.26 choice of (Okapi), 7.4.3, Table 7.3 evaluation of, 9.4.6 full record (Okapi), 7.5.3, Fig. 7.27 improvement of, 9.4.3 index (Okapi), 7.5.3, Figs. 7.24-25 of h y p e r - O R results, 6.6 of indexes, 5.3 Okapi, general comments, 7.5.3 readability of index, 5.3.2 record, levels of, 7.5.3 Displayability of Okapi index, 5.3.4 Evaluation, 2.1.2, Chapter 8, 9.4.6, 9.5 data, 8.2.2 methodology, 8.1.1, 8.2 235 236 Index Exchange tapes, 4.1 False drops, 2.4.2, 5.3.3, 5.4.1-3, 5.5.1, 7.4.3, 8.2.1, 8.3.2, 9.4.1 Feedback, 9.5, see also Relevance feedback Field(s), directory (Okapi), Appendix 3 in Okapi record, Appendix 3 selection, 4.2, Appendix 1 File(s), see Bibliographic file(s), Temporary files Filing order, 4.7, 5.3, 9.4.5 character coding and, 5.3.3 in Okapi index, 5.3.4 Foreign languages, 5.3.3, 5.5.1, 9.4.3, Appendix 4 Free text searching, 7.3, 7.4.2 Future research and development, 2.4.4, 9.4, 9.5 Fuzzy indexing, 9.4.1 Fuzzy matching, 9.4.2 Geac, 2.1.1, 2.4.1, 2.5.2, 3.2.1, 5.2, 7.2, 7.3.1, 7.4.2, 9.3 see also Sussex University OPAC H-AND, 6.5 Hardware, 2.7.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 9.3, 9.5 Hash storage (of indexes), 5.6.1, 5.6.3, 5.7.2 Help, 2.2.2, 2.4.3, 2.6.1, 7.3.2, Fig. 7.3, 9.4.6 Okapi, 7.5.1, 7.5.3, Figs. 7.6,7,9,10,14,15, Appendix 7 Highlighting, 7.5.3 History of the project, 1.1, 1.3, 4.1 Hyper-Booleans, 6.5, 6.6 Hyper-OR, 6.5, 6.6, 7.4.3, 7.5.2, 8.3.2, 8.5, Appendix 8 Hyphens (treatment of, in index), 5.3.3, 5.4.1, 5.4.3 Index(es), Chapter 5, see also Indexing access to, 5.6 character coding and filing order in, 5.3.3 construction of, 5.4 contents of, 5.2 corporate and conference names in, see Corporate and conference names data compression in, 5.6.4 data representation in, 5.6.4 data types in, 5.2.2 definition of, 5.1 Index dirty, 5.3.1, display of, 5.3 filing order of, 5.3, 9.4.5 hash(ed), 5.6.1, 5.6.3, 5.7.2 keys, see Keys keyword, see Keyword index(es) letter-by-letter order, 5.3.3 levels of, 5.6.3 number of, 5.6.5, 5.7.2 numbers in, see Numbers Okapi, see Okapi index order of, see filing order of personal names in, see Personal names phrase, see Phrase index(es) postings, see Postings primary, see Okapi primary index readability of display of, 5.3.2, 5.4.1 retrieval from, 5.6 searching of, 5.6.3 secondary, see Okapi secondary index sequential, 5.6.1-3, 5.7.2 size (effect on speed of searching), 5.6.3 storage, 5.6 subject headings in, see Subject headings titles in, see Titles tree (storage), 5.6.1-3, 5.7.2 types of key, 5.2 updating of, 5.6.1-2, 5.7.2 word-by-word order, 5.3.3 Indexing, Chapter 5, see also Index(es) automatic, 5.4 computational aspects of, 5.6-7 keyword, see Keyword indexing methods, 5.4 modes of, 5.2 overheads, 5.7.2 phrase, see Phrase indexing post-coordinate, see Keyword indexing pre-coordinate, see Phrase indexing probabilistic, 5.5.1 rules for, 5.4 237 238 sledgehammer approach to, 9.4.1 standard for, 9.4.5 types of, 5.2 typical term extraction procedure (titles), 5.4.3 Information retrieval, see IR Input from OP AC users, see User(s) input Interviewing, 8.1.1, 8.2.2, 8.3, 9.4.6, Appendix 6 IR system(s), choice of index structure, 5.6.1 command languages, 7.4.2 comparison with OPACs, 2.2, 7.3, 8.1.2 coverage and source, 2.2.1 users and usability, 2.2.2 for general users, OPAC as prototype, 1.4 for micros, 1.3 front-ended quorum search for, 6.5 indexes for the user, 5.3.1 indexing overheads, 5.7.2 on LANs, 3.2.2, 3.3.2 on mainframes or minis, 3.5 OPAC as an, 2.2.2 stop lists in, 5.5.1 use of software for OPACs, 1.3, 2.4.2 Jargon, 7.3.2, Table 7.1, Figs. 7.2-3 Keyboarding, 8.3.2, 9.4.2, Appendix 5, see also Typing Keys, 5.2 acronym, 2.4.1, 5.2 coloured, see Coloured keys derived, 2.4.1, 2.6.1, 5.2, 5.2.3, 5.4.1, 7.3.2 see also Author/title key in Okapi index, 5.2.3, 5.7.2, Table 5.2 storage of, 5.6.1, 5.6.2, 5.6.4 Keyword (or post-coordinate), indexes, automatically produced, 5.3.1 display of, 5.3.1 hyphens in, 5.3.3 indexing, 5.2, 5.4.3 combined with phrase indexing, 2.4.3, 2.7.2 OPACs, 2.4.2, Table 7.1 Index Index access points, 5.2.1 browsing, 7.3.1 compared with phrase indexed OPACs, 2.4.2, 5.4.3, 7.3.1, Table 7.1, 9.4.2 for subject searching, 2.5.2 pure approach not ideal for, 2.5.2 mispelling causing failure with, 2.6.2 not for specific item searching, 2.5.1 post-coordination of personal names in, 5.3.1, 5.4.1 stop list for, 5.5.1 user interaction, Table 7.1 dialogue aspects, 7.3.2 IR aspects, 7.3.1 with phrase indexing and searching, 2.4.2 without command language, 7.4.2 Known item searching, see Specific item searching LAN(s), Chapter 3, see also PLAN 4000 and Cluster/One advantages of, 3.2.2, 3.5 compared with minis, 3.2, 9.3 definition of, 3 design of applications software for, 3.5 difference between them and centralised configuration, 3 disadvantages of, 3.2.3, 3.5, 4.5 file servers, 3, 3.1, 3.3, 3.4, 9.3 in general, 1.1, 3 library automation and, 1.1, 3.5, 9.3 minis compared with, 3.2, 9.3 project, see PLAN 4000, Cluster/One sources of information on, 3 terminology, 3 types of, 3.1 user stations, 3, 3.3.1, 3.3.3-4 Languages (programming), used for project, 3.5 LCS (Ohio State University OP AC), Fig. 7.1 LCSH, 2.5.2, 4.2, 5.2.1, 5.4.4, 9.4.1 Leading articles, see Articles Letter-by-letter ordering, 5.3.3 Library automation and LANs, 1.1, 3.5, 9.3 Local area network(s) see LAN(s) LOCAS, 4.1 239 240 Index Logs, 8.1.1, 8.2, 8.4, 8.5, 9.4.1, 9.4.2, 9.4.6, Appendices 8-9 Main entry (concept of), 9.4.5 Maintenance, of LAN, 3.3.1 ofOkapi, 4.8 MARC, Chapter 4, 9.4.5 field selection, 4.2, Appendix 1 fields omitted (in Okapi), 4.3 periodicals and, 9.4.5 record (example), Fig. 4.1 snags, 2.2, 2.4.2, 2.5.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.4.3, 7.3.1, 9.4.5 subfields (used for Okapi), Appendix 2 subject-rich fields, 2.5.2, Appendix 1 tags, used for Okapi, 4.2, Appendices 1-3 001, Appendices 1-3 008, Appendices 1-3 082, 5.2.3, Appendices 1-3 083, 5.4.4, Appendices 1-3 100, 5.2, 5.4.1, 9.4.5, Appendices 1-3 l l n , 5.4.2, Appendices 1-3 240, Appendices 1-3 245, 4.3, 5.2, 5.4.3, 9.4.5, Appendices 1-3 248, 4.3.1, Appendices 1-3 250, Appendices 1-3 260, Appendices 1-3 440, 5.4.3, Appendices 1-3 490, Appendices 1-3 505, 4.3.3, 9.4.5, Appendices 1-3 509, Appendices 1-3 513, 9.4.5 600, 5.4.1, 5.4.4, Appendices 1-3 61n, 5.4.2, 5.4.4, Appendices 1-3 65n, 5.4.4, Appendices 1-3 695, 9.4.5 700, 4.3.1, 5.4.1, 9.4.5, Appendices 1-3 71n, 4.3.1, 5.4.2, 9.4.5, Appendices 1-3 745, 4.3.2 900, 4.3.2, 5.4.1, 5.5.2 M E L V Y L , :U . 2 , 2.4.2, 2.7.1, 5.4.2, 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.t 7.3.2, 7.4.1 Menus, 7.3.2, 7.4.1, Fig. 7.2, Fig. 7.5 Index MeSH, 2.4.4 Messages (Okapi), 7.4.3 Minicomputers compared with LANs, 3.2, 9.3 Multi-meaning message, 7.4.2 Multi-site libraries, 9.3 Names, see Corporate and conference names, Personal names Nestar, see PLAN 4000, Cluster/One NOT, 6.6, 6.9 Numbers, in indexes, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.6.1, 5.6.4, 5.7.2 treatment of, 5.3.2, 5.3.4, 5.4.3 Objectives (of project), 1.1, 1.4, 9.1 Observation of use of OPACs, 8.2.2 Okapi, 8.3, Appendix 7 Okapi, action in response to user input, 7.5.2 basic approach, 6.9, 7.4 beasts, see Beasts bibliographic file, Chapter 4 capacity, 5.7.2, 9.1 choices (user interaction), 7.5.1 collation sequence, 5.3.4 coloured keys, see Coloured keys commands, 7.5.1 comments received about, 8.3.2, Appendix 5, Appendix 6 constraints on design, 2.7.2, 5.7.2 decisions (during user interaction), 7.5.2 design, 2.7.2, 5.7, 6.8, 7.4 disc accesses, see Disc accesses display, 7.5, Figs. 7.5-27 evaluation of, Chapter 8 faults, omissions, limitations, 9.1 authority files, 5.5.2 file updating, 4.8 index, 5.3.4, 5.4.1-3 IR functions not implemented, 6.9 MARC fields omitted, 4.3 reported by students, 8.3.2, Appendix 5 search trees, 7.4.3 stop list, 5.5.1 user interaction, 7.4.3 241 242 Index field directory, Appendix 3 fields, Appendix 3 file creation, 4.5, Chapter 4 file inversion, 3.2.3 file size, 4.6 first public appearance of, 1.3 for subject searching, 8.3.2 hardware, see Hardware history of, 1.1, 1.3, 4.1 importance of, 9.1 index, 5.7, Tables 5.1-4 catalogue drawer analogy, 5.7.4 construction of, 5.7.6 contents of, 5.2.3 corporate names in, 5.4.2, Table 5.2 data compression in, 5.7.4 derived keys in, 5.2.3 Dewey in, 5.2.3 display, 7.5.3, Figs. 7.24-25 displayability of, 5.3.4 experiments, 5.7.4 filing order in, 5.3.4 keys, 5.2.3, Table 5.2 levels of, 5.7.2 overheads, 5.7.2 personal names in, 5.4.1, Table 5.2 primary, see Okapi primary index record, 5.7.3 secondary, see Okapi secondary index sizes, 5.7.4, 5.7.5, Table 5.3 subject headings in, 5.4.4, Table 5.2 term record, 5.7.3 titles in, 5.4.3, Table 5.2 truncation of keys in, 5.2.3, 5.4.3 updating, 5.7.2 keyword plus phrase OPAC, 7.4.2, 7.4.3 limitations of, see Okapi, faults logs, see Logs messages, 7.4.3 naming of, 1.3 postings, see Postings Index primary index, 5.7.1, 5.7.2, 5.7.4, Tables 5.3-4 programs, see Programs record, see Record (Okapi) screens, 7.5, Figs. 7.5-27 search functions, Chapter 6 search trees, see Search trees secondary index, 5.7.1-4, Tables 5.2-3 software, see Programs statistics about, 4.6, 5.7, Tables 5.1-4 stop lists, 5.5.1 testing, see Evaluation user interaction, see User interaction OPAC(s), Chapter 2, see also under name of OPAC for specific OPACs access points, 2.4, 5.2.1 adaptive, 7.4.1, 9.4.4 advantages of, 2.3, 2.5.2, 4.1, 9.2 as IR systems, see IR systems bibliographic files for, see Bibliographic files compared with conventional catalogues, 2.3, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 8.3.2, 9.2, 9.4.2, 9.4.6, Appendix 5 comparisons, 8.1, 9.4.6 components, 2.7.1 definitions of, 2, 2.3 design of, 2.7, 7.3, 9.4, 9.5, disadvantages of, 2.3, 9.2 ease of use of, 2.3, 2.6, 7.2, 7.4.1, 8.3.2, 9.4.6, 9.5 efficiency of, 9.4.6 evaluation of, see Evaluation existing, 2.1.1 first generation of, 2.4.1, 2.7.1, 7.3, Table 7.1 generations of, 2.4, 2.7.1, 7.3, Table 7.1 highly interactive, 9.4.4 improved, 9.4.6 indexes, see Index(es) (OPACs) indexing, see Indexing (OPACs) input from users, see User(s) input keyword, see Keyword OPACs learning to use, 7.2, 7.3.2, 7.4.1, 8.3.2, 9.4.6 multi-site libraries and, 9.3 output, see Display performance, 8.1.2, 8.2.1 244 Index phrase indexed, see Phrase indexed OPACs post-coordinate, see Keyword OPACs pre-coordinate, see Phrase indexed OPACs relearning how to use, 7.2, 9.4.6 remote access to, 9.4.5 research, 2.4.4, 9.4, 9.5 second generation of, 2.4.2, 2.7.1, 7.3, Table 7.1 sources of information on, 2.1 speed, 8.3.2, 9.4.6 standardisation of, 9.4.5 third generation of, 2.4.3, 2.6.1, 2.7.1, 7.3, 9.4.4, 9.5 types currently in use, 2.4 use studies, 2.1.2, 2.5, 7.2, 8.1.1, 9.4.1, 9.4.4, 9.4.6 user interaction with, see User interaction users, see User(s) written sources, 2.1.2 OR, 3.3.2, 6.4-6 Order of records, see Filing order Output (from OPACs), see Display, and Printed output Paperchase, 8.2.2, 9.4.6 Partial match, 6.2 PCL, 1.1 catalogue, 4.1, 4.2, Tables 5.1-4, 8.3 library sites, 4.1 Performance (of project LANs), 3.3.2 Periodicals, 8.3.2, 9.4.5 Personal names, Appendices 1-4 display of, 7.5.3 in indexes, 5.3.1, 5.4.1, 5.4.3, Table 5.2 input of, 7.4.3, Fig. 7.12, 8.4.3, Appendix 7 problems with, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.4, 6.8, 7.4.2, 7.5.1, 8.4.3, Appendix 7 Phrase indexed (or pre-coordinate) OPACS, 2.4.1, Table 7.1 access points, 5.2.1 advantage of, 9.4.2 browsing, see Browsing compared with keyword OPACs, 2.4.2, 5.4.3, Table 7.1, 9.4.2 not for subject searching, 2.5.2, Fig. 7.1 pre-coordination, of corporate names, 5.4.2 of personal names, 5.4.1 Index user interaction, 7.4.2, Table 7.1 compared with keyword OPACs, 7.3.1 dialogue aspects, 7.3.2 IR aspects, 7.3.1 indexes, data compression in, 5.6.4 display of, 5.3.1 filing order in, 5.3.3 indexing, 5.2 combined with keyword indexing, 2.4.3, 2.7.2 need for cross referencing, 5.4.2 of titles, 5.4.3 PLAN 4000, 3.3 cost, 3.3.1 performance, 3.3.2 purchase, 1.3 reliability, 3.3.3 technical data, 3.3.4 transfer of data to, 4.5.2 Polytechnic of Central London, see PCL Post-coordinate index(ing), see Keyword index(ing) Post-coordinate OPACs, see Keyword OPACs Post-coordination, 5.2 Postings, 5.7.1, 5.7.5 file (Okapi), 5.7.1, 5.7.3, Table 5.3 lists, 5.6.2 number of, to determine display choice, Table 7.3 Precision (how to increase), 9.4.1 Pre-coordinate index(ing), see Phrase indexing Pre-coordinate OPACs, see Phrase indexed OPACs Pre-coordination, 5.2 Primary index, see Okapi primary index Printed output from OPACs, 2.6.3, Appendix 5 Probabilistic indexing, 5.5.1 Problems, mentioned by users, 8.3.2, Appendix 5 with evaluating OPACs, Chapter 8, 9.4.6 with languages, see Foreign languages with MARC, see MARC snags with personal names, see Personal names 245 246 Index Programs, 3.2.3, 3.5, 4.5.1-2, 5.7.6, 8.2.1, 9.4.1 see also Software Project, aims, 1.1, 1.4, 9.1 history of, 1.1, 1.3, 4.1 LANs, see PLAN 4000 and Cluster/One objectives, 1.1, 1.4, 9.1 OPAC, see Okapi proposal, 1.1 results, Chapter 8, 9.1 staffing, 1.2 success of, 9.1 Proposal(s), for future research, 9.4, 9.5 project, 1.1 Punctuation (treatment of), 5.3.3, 5.4.3 Questionnaires, 8.1.1, 8.2.2, 9.4.6, Appendix 6 Quorum search, see Hyper-OR Ranked output, 5.5.1, 9.4.1 Readability, 9.4.3 of index displays, 5.3.2, 5.4.1 Recall (how to increase), 9.4.1 Recommendations, 9.4 Record (Okapi), addresses, 4.4, 5.7.5 content, 4.2-4.4 directory file, 4.5.3 displays, 7.5.3, Figs. 7.26-27 example, Fig. 4.1 format, 4.3.3, 4.4, 4.5.1, Appendix 3 length, 4.6 special characters used in, Appendix 4 Records with analytical entries, 4.3.3, 9.4.5 Redundancy, in record structure, 4.4 of RETURN key, 7.5.1 Relevance feedback, 2.4.4, 9.4.1 Reliability (of project LANs), 3.3.3 Research, OPAC, 2.4.4, 9.4, 9.5 Response times, 3.2.2, 8.3.2 Results of project, Chapter 8, 9.1 Index 247 Scanning, see Browsing Search, see also Specific item, Subject searches combinatorial, see Hyper-OR decision trees, see Search trees failures, 8.2.3, 8.4.2, 8.4.3, Appendix 6 (Part 3), Appendices 7-8 functions, Chapter 6 not implemented in Okapi, 6.9 patterns, 8.1.2, 8.2.1 results, from the system's viewpoint, 6.2 sequences, Appendix 7 statements, 2.4.4, 9.4.6 processing of, 5.4, 5.5.1 trees, 6.8, Fig. 6.1, 7.4.3, 7.5.2, 8.4.2 types of, 2.5, 5.6.5, 8.4.1, 9.4.6, Appendices 7-8 ways of offering, 7.4.2, Table 7.2 unconditional, 7.4.2 Searches, standard set of, 9.4.6 Searching an index, 5.6.3 Secondary index, see Okapi secondary index Security, 3.4 Sequence of records, see Filing order Sequential storage (of indexes), 5.6.1-3, 5.7.2 Serial card, use of, 4.5.2 Software, 3.2.1, 3.2.3, 3.3.1-2, 3.4, 3.5 see also Programs Source file, see Bibliographic file Sources of information on, catalogue research, 2.1.2 evaluation, 8.1.1 LANs, 3 OPACs, 2.1. user interaction, 7.1 Special characters used in Okapi record, Appendix 4 Specific item, index, 5.7.2 input, 7.5.1, Figs. 7.8-12 mistakes, 8.4.3, Appendix 7 search(es), Appendices 7-8 beasts used for Okapi, 5.2.3 disguised as subject searches, 2.5 objective of OPAC, 9.2 Okapi, 7.4.2, 7.4.3, 7.5.2, Figs. 7.16-21 248 searching, 2.4.1, 2.5, 2.5.1, 7.3.1 need to minimise typing, 9.4.2 OPAC slower than COM, 2.6.2 stop lists for, 5.5.1 Spelling, ability, 2.5.1, 2.6.2, 8.2.2, 8.4.3, 9.4.2, Appendix 7 correction, 9.4.2 Staffing of project, 1.2 Statements of responsibility, 4.3.1, 5.4.3, 9.4.5 Statistics, file, 4.6, index, 5.7, Tables 5.1-4 Okapi use, Appendix 6 (Part 4) Stemming, see Truncation of search keys Stop lists, 5.4.2-4, 5.5, 5.5.1 Storage methods (for indexes), 5.6.1 String comparison, 6.1 String searching, 6.7 Subject, enrichment, 7.3.1, 9.4.5 headings (in indexes), 2.5.2, 5.2.3, 5.3.1, 5.4.4, Table 5.2 index, 5.7.2, 8.3 input, 7.5.1, Fig. 7.13-15 mistakes, Appendix 7 keys, 5.4.1-4 knowledge, detrimental effect of, 9.4.1 -rich MARC fields, 2.5.2, Appendix 1 search(es), Appendices 7-8 beasts used for Okapi, 5.2.3 examination of, in Okapi logs, 8.5, 9.4.1, Appendix 8 example, Fig. 7.1 hidden, 2.5, 7.3 Okapi, 7.4.2, 7.4.3, 7.5.2, Figs. 7.22-23 statements, 9.4.1, 9.4.2, 9.4.6, Appendix 8 searching, 2.4.4, 2.5, 2.5.2, 7.3 corporate names causing false drops in, 5.4.2 enhancement of, 7.2, 8.3.2, 9.4.1, 9.4.2 ordering of displayed results of, 9.4.1, 9.4.5 stop lists for, 5.5.1 Success of project, 9.1 Index Index S u r n a m e key, 5.2.3, 5.4.1, Table 5.2 Sussex University O P A C , 2.1.1, 2.6.1, 5.4.3 S W A L C A P , 1.1,4.1,5.2 Syntax for user input, 7.3.2 T a g s , see M A R C tags T e m p o r a r y files, 6.6 Term, extraction example (title), 5.4.3 frequencies, Table 5.1 weighting, 5.5.1, 6.5 Terminals, see L A N user stations, V D T s Test site, 4.1,8.3 Testing, see Evaluation Tests (early), 1.3, 3.3.2 Tetragrams (most frequent initial), Table 5.4 T i m i n g out function, 7.5.1 Title only, input, 7.5.1, Fig. 7.11 mistakes, Appendix 7 search, 7.5.2, Figs. 7.19-20 tree, Fig. 6.1 Titles (in indexes), 5.4.3, Table 5.2 Touch-sensitive screens, 2.6.2, 7.3.2 Transfer of data to P L A N network, 4.5.2 T r e e storage (of indexes), 5.6.1-3, 5.7.2 Truncation, of Dewey n u m b e r s , 5.2.3 of fields in brief records, 7.5.3 of index keys, 5.2.3, 5.3.4, 5.4.3 of search keys, 5.2, 5.4.1, 5.6.2, 5.6.3, 6.4, 5.7.2, 7.4.3, 9.4.1 T y p i n g ability of users, 2.6.2, 7.2, 7.5.1, 8.3.2, Appendix 5 see also Keyboarding 249 University of California's O P A C , see M E L V Y L University of Cambridge's O P A C , see Cambridge University O P A C University of Sussex O P A C , see Sussex University O P A C Updating, 4.8, 5.6.1-2, 5.7.2 U S catalogue practice (in comparison to U K ) , 2.4.1, 2.5.2 U s e r ( s ) , 2.2.2, 8.3.1, 9.2 attitudes and behaviour of, 2.6.1, 7.2, 8.1.2, 8.2.2, 8.3.2, 9.2, 9.4.4, 9.4.6 250 Index input, 2.6.2, 7.3.2, Table 7.2, 9.4.2, 9.4.6 Okapi, 7.5.1, 8.4.3, Appendix 7 interaction, 2.2.2, 2.4, 2.6, Chapter 7, 9.4.4, 9.4.6, 9.5 design, Chapter 7 dialogue aspects, 7.3.2 IR aspects, 7.3.1 levels of, 7.4.1, Table 7.2 Okapi, 7.4, 7.5 basic approach, 7.4.1 single level, 7.4.1 research, 7.1 sources of information on, 7.1 success of, 8.1.2, 8.2, 8.3.2, 8.3.3 interface, see User interaction needs, 9.5, Appendix 6 (Part 3) reactions, to Okapi, 8.3.2, Appendix 5, Appendix 6 (Parts 2 and 4) to OPACs, 7.2 sessions, 8.2.2 analysis of, 8.4, Appendix 7 demarcation of, 7.5.1, 8.2.1 spelling ability of, see Spelling types of, 7.2, 7.4.1, 8.1.2, 8.2.2, 8.3, 9.4.6, Appendix 6 (Part 1) typing ability of, see Typing ability of users VDTs, drawbacks of, 2.6.3, 7.4.3, 7.5.3, 9.4.3, 9.4.4, Appendix 5 number required, 2.6.2, 9.4.2 VDUs, see VDTs Verbal Feature Heading, see MARC tag 083 Vocabulary (used for user interaction), 7.3.2, Fig. 7.2 Weighted search, 6.5 Weighting (term), 5.5.1 Word-by-word ordering, 5.3.3 Word frequencies, 5.5.1, Table 5.1